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Carbohydrates
are the body's primary and most easily available source of energy. All
carbohydrates are sugars, molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, and
oxygen synthesized by plants through the process of photosynthesis
(using the energy of the sun) or by animals through the process of
glycogen synthesis. Following are the basic categories of carbohydrates
:
Monosaccharides
Glucose
(blood sugar)
Fructose
(fruit sugar)
Galactose
(a kind of milk sugar)
Oligosaccharides
Sucrose
(table sugar)
Lactose
(milk sugar)
Maltose
(malt sugar)
Polysaccharides
Plant
polysaccharides (starch and cellulose)
Animal
polysaccharides (glycogen)
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